Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, a condition characterized by a lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and dizziness.
A deficiency in vitamin D can lead to conditions such as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, which are characterized by weak, soft bones. In severe cases, vitamin D deficiency can also lead to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by fragile bones and an increased risk of fractures.
Severe vitamin C deficiency can lead to scurvy, a condition characterized by fatigue, weakness, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, and poor wound healing.
Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness, a condition characterized by difficulty seeing in low light or darkness. In severe cases, it can also lead to xerophthalmia, a condition characterized by dry eyes, corneal ulcers, and eventually blindness.
Iodine deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism and goiter, conditions characterized by an underactive thyroid gland and an enlarged thyroid gland, respectively. These conditions can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and swelling in the neck.
Calcium deficiency can lead to conditions such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, which are characterized by low bone density and an increased risk of fractures. It can also lead to muscle cramps, spasms, and numbness or tingling in the fingers and toes.
Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a condition characterized by large, immature red blood cells. It can also lead to neurological symptoms such as tingling or numbness in the hands and feet, difficulty walking, and memory problems.
Folate deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects in newborns if the deficiency occurs during pregnancy. It can also lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and poor growth in children.